![]() ![]() Mexico, Morocco, Ethiopia, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Andorra, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Singapore, Japan, the Marshall Islands, Kenya, Trinidad and Tobago and the Dominican Republic all identified at least one of these metrics to describe the fairness and ambition of their contribution.Įthiopia, Morocco and Liechtenstein also quantified their projected emissions per capita based on implementation of their contribution.Ĭountries should be encouraged to identify their cumulative historical emissions as a percentage of global emissions, as Switzerland has done. ![]() Common threads emerging across a number of INDCs include a country’s current emissions (as a percentage of global emissions) and its per capita emissions. Some common threads are emerging, and some seeds for future consideration are beginning to appear, including around issues such as:Ī country’s responsibility for emissions is key to formulating a fair contribution. So how are countries approaching this task? What factors relevant to fairness and ambition are they considering, and what are they missing? Let’s take a look. Transparency about the criteria used to inform a contribution also can help in setting benchmarks to clarify how key principles - such as equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities - will be put into operation in the new agreement. Transparency about the fairness and ambition of climate contributions can help create an open dialogue and build the necessary trust between all countries to ensure an effective and binding outcome at COP21 in Paris later this year. Undertaking fair and ambitious climate action is essential to setting the foundation for a transformation to a low-carbon and climate-resilient economy. The Lima Call to Climate Action (PDF), the COP decision adopted last year, suggested a list of information that countries can include in INDCs to ensure transparency and understanding, including “how the Party considers that its intended nationally determined contribution is fair and ambitious, in light of its national circumstances, and how it contributes towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2.” Yet a key question for all of them is: Have they provided information about whether they are fair and ambitious? Reflecting the nationally determined nature of these climate contributions, they vary significantly in form, scope and coverage. So far, 56 countries - including 28 member states of the European Union - have submitted their intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). ![]()
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